Prevalence and Predictors of Suicidal Behavior Among Adolescents in Brunei Darussalam

Abstract

Background: Suicide is a major public health concern among adolescents. This study examines the prevalence and predictors of suicidal behavior among adolescents in Brunei Darussalam using secondary data from the 2019 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using GSHS data. The sample comprised 2,400 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the relationships between suicidal behavior and demographic, psychological, behavioral, and social factors.

Results: The prevalence of suicide attempts among adolescents was 12.3%. Female adolescents had a significantly higher risk (16.6%) compared to males (7.7%). Psychological factors such as suicidal ideation (AOR = 13.17, 95% CI = 8.03-21.61) and suicide planning (AOR = 6.18, 95% CI = 3.99-9.58) were the strongest predictors. Other significant risk factors include bullying, loneliness, sleep disturbances, alcohol use, and lack of close friendships. Protective factors included strong parental monitoring and supportive peer relationships.

Conclusion: Suicide attempts among adolescents in Brunei Darussalam are influenced by psychological distress, risky behaviors, and social relationships. Early identification of at-risk individuals and targeted interventions are crucial for prevention.